@article{clever_cocomopl_2017,
	title = {{COCoMoPL}: {A} {Novel} {Approach} for {Humanoid} {Walking} {Generation} {Combining} {Optimal} {Control}, {Movement} {Primitives} and {Learning} and its {Transfer} to the {Real} {Robot} {HRP}-2},
	volume = {2},
	issn = {2377-3766},
	shorttitle = {{COCoMoPL}},
	url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7829376},
	doi = {10.1109/LRA.2017.2657000},
	abstract = {COCoMoPL is a recently developed approach combining optimal control, movement primitives and learning for the generation of humanoid walking motions (Clever et al. Robot. Auton. Syst., vol. 83, pp. 287.298, 2016). It solves optimal control problems based on detailed dynamic models of the robot for a variety of walking parameters and uses the solutions as training data to create movement primitives that are very close to feasibility and optimality. These can be employed to synthesize complex walking sequences for humanoid robots online in a very efficient way. We demonstrate, for the first time, that COCoMoPL works on a real humanoid robot, here HRP-2 with 36 DOF and 30 position controlled actuators. To this end, it was necessary to significantly extend the existing approach by including transition steps into the training data, modify the movement primitives (MP) to admit these transitions, improve the representation of the zero moment point MPs and tighten the transition conditions at the beginning and end of steps. We present a thorough validation of the method in simulation and on the real robot for a challenging sequence of movements. We also compare the characteristics of movements after each step of the methodology.},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2026-02-27},
	journal = {IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters},
	author = {Clever, Debora and Harant, Monika and Mombaur, Katja and Naveau, Maximilien and Stasse, Olivier and Endres, Dominik},
	month = apr,
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {Computational modeling, Dynamics, Humanoid and bipedal locomotion, Humanoid robots, learning and adaptive systems, Legged locomotion, Optimal control, optimization and optimal control, Training data},
	pages = {977--984},
	file = {Eingereichte Version:C\:\\Users\\duoyi\\Zotero\\storage\\EYB7BBLG\\Clever et al. - 2017 - COCoMoPL A Novel Approach for Humanoid Walking Generation Combining Optimal Control, Movement Primi.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:C\:\\Users\\duoyi\\Zotero\\storage\\QCFJTFBH\\7829376.html:text/html},
}